Consistency across microservices is usually eventual. Sagas coordinate a series of local transactions with compensating actions on failure. The outbox pattern stores events in the same DB transaction as state changes, then publishes them reliably to a broker.
Expanding on the short answer — what usually matters in practice:
A tiny example (an explanation template):
// Example: discuss trade-offs for "how-to-handle-data-consistency-in-microservices-"
function explain() {
// Start from the core idea:
// Microservices avoid distributed transactions. Sagas coordinate a series of local transacti
}